Detect the Content Type in the Clipboard

By  on  

A user's clipboard is a "catch all" between the operating system and the apps employed on it. When you use a web browser, you can highlight text or right-click an image and select "Copy Image". That made me think about how developers can detect what is in the clipboard.

You can retrieve the contents of the user's clipboard using the navigator.clipboard API. This API requires user permission as the clipboard could contain sensitive data. You can employ the following JavaScript to get permission to use the clipboard API:

const result = await navigator.permissions.query({name: "clipboard-write"});
if (result.state === "granted" || result.state === "prompt") {
  // Clipboard permissions available
}

With clipboard permissions granted, you query the clipboard to get a ClipboardItem instance with details of what's been copied:

const [item] = await navigator.clipboard.read();

// When text is copied to clipboard....
item.types // ["text/plain"]

// When an image is copied from a website...
item.types // ["text/html", "image/png"]

Once you know the contents and the MIME type, you can get the text in clipboard with readText():

const content = await navigator.clipboard.readText();

In the case of an image, if you have the MIME type and content available, you can use <img> with a data URI for display. Knowing the contents of a user's clipboard can be helpful when presenting exactly what they've copied!

Recent Features

  • By
    Send Text Messages with PHP

    Kids these days, I tell ya.  All they care about is the technology.  The video games.  The bottled water.  Oh, and the texting, always the texting.  Back in my day, all we had was...OK, I had all of these things too.  But I still don't get...

  • By
    5 HTML5 APIs You Didn&#8217;t Know Existed

    When you say or read "HTML5", you half expect exotic dancers and unicorns to walk into the room to the tune of "I'm Sexy and I Know It."  Can you blame us though?  We watched the fundamental APIs stagnate for so long that a basic feature...

Incredible Demos

  • By
    jQuery Link Nudging

    A few weeks back I wrote an article about MooTools Link Nudging, which is essentially a classy, subtle link animation achieved by adding left padding on mouseover and removing it on mouseout. Here's how to do it using jQuery: The jQuery JavaScript It's important to keep...

  • By
    Detect Vendor Prefix with JavaScript

    Regardless of our position on vendor prefixes, we have to live with them and occasionally use them to make things work.  These prefixes can be used in two formats:  the CSS format (-moz-, as in -moz-element) and the JS format (navigator.mozApps).  The awesome X-Tag project has...

Discussion

  1. Hi David,

    Thank you for sharing this useful article on how to detect clipboard content using JavaScript. I learned a lot from your code examples and explanations. I especially liked how you used the Clipboard API to access different types of data, such as text, images, and files.

    I have a question though: how can I check if the clipboard contains data in a specific format, such as HTML or CSV? I know that in.NET Framework, there are methods like ContainsFormat and GetData that can do this[^1^][1], but I’m not sure how to do it in JavaScript. Do you have any suggestions or resources on this topic?

    Thanks again for your great work!

  2. I believe the permissions are clipboard-read, not clipboard-write.

Wrap your code in <pre class="{language}"></pre> tags, link to a GitHub gist, JSFiddle fiddle, or CodePen pen to embed!