JavaScript Exercise: Find the Number of Unique Letters in a String

By  on  

Everyone once in a while it's good to complete a fun vanilla JavaScript exercise. One recent exercise I tried was to find the number of occurrences of each letter in specified string. The following was my method.

The JavaScript

/* returns the size/length of an object */
Object.size = function(obj) {
	var size = 0;
	for(key in obj) {
		if(obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) size++;
	}
	return size;
}

//initial vars
var str = 'hellodavidthisisatestofobjectusage';
var letters = new Object;

//loop, figure it out
for(x = 0, length = str.length; x < length; x++) {
	var l = str.charAt(x)
	letters[l] = (isNaN(letters[l]) ? 1 : letters[l] + 1);
}

//output count!
for(key in letters) {
	console.log(key + ' :: ' + letters[key]);
}
console.log(Object.size(letters));

The Result

h :: 2
e :: 4
l :: 2
o :: 3
d :: 2
a :: 3
v :: 1
i :: 3
t :: 4
s :: 4
f :: 1
b :: 1
j :: 1
c :: 1
u :: 1
g :: 1
16

The above results in 20 letters being found

Have a different solution? Share it!

Recent Features

  • By
    Serving Fonts from CDN

    For maximum performance, we all know we must put our assets on CDN (another domain).  Along with those assets are custom web fonts.  Unfortunately custom web fonts via CDN (or any cross-domain font request) don't work in Firefox or Internet Explorer (correctly so, by spec) though...

  • By
    Create Namespaced Classes with MooTools

    MooTools has always gotten a bit of grief for not inherently using and standardizing namespaced-based JavaScript classes like the Dojo Toolkit does.  Many developers create their classes as globals which is generally frowned up.  I mostly disagree with that stance, but each to their own.  In any event...

Incredible Demos

  • By
    Introducing MooTools NextPrev

    One thing I love doing is duplicating OS functionalities. One of the things your OS allows you to do easily is move from one item to another. Most of the time you're simply trying to get to the next or the previous item.

  • By
    Adding Events to Adding Events in MooTools

    Note: This post has been updated. One of my huge web peeves is when an element has click events attached to it but the element doesn't sport the "pointer" cursor. I mean how the hell is the user supposed to know they can/should click on...

Discussion

  1. Wes

    This looks like the beginning of a simple javascript word game…you get the letters and amount of times they occur and then have to figure out the string.

  2. Here’s my attempt:

    var str = 'hellodavidthisisatestofobjectusage';
    var uniq = '';
    for (var i = 0; i< str.length; i++) {
     if(uniq.indexOf( str[i] ) == -1){
       uniq += str[i];
     }
    }
    console.log(uniq.length);
    

    This is probably self explanatory but it goes through and checks if the character is in the “uniq”ue string. If not, it adds it to the end. Then it just determines the length of the unique string, since all characters contained within are… unique. It’s basically the same as yours but it saves having to loop through the object keys just to get a count. I feel like there’s a regex way of doing this but I’m not sure how.

  3. Rakesh Juyal [RJ]

    Walsh, u certainly know how to perform the easiest task in the toughest way.

  4. My intention Rakesh was to keep the number of times each appeared — which I now realize I didn’t state. Jonathan’s solution looks great.

  5. My attempt:

    function letterCount(str) {
        var ret = {},
            len = str.length;
        str = str.split('').reverse();
        while (len--) ret[str[len]] = ret[str[len]] + 1 || 1;
        return ret;
    }
    

    It iterates (in reverse) through the string and adds a new property of that character to the returned object. It iterates in reverse because that’s quicker than the alternative – i.e. having to check the length property on every iteration…

  6. grigri
    function getCharCounts(s) {
      var letters = {};
      s.replace(/\S/g, function(l){letters[l] = (isNaN(letters[l]) ? 1 : letters[l] + 1);});
      return letters;
    }
    
    console.log(getCharCounts('hellodavidthisishowtodoitwithregularexpressions'));
    
  7. I forgot to mention, my function returns a very usable object, constructed like this: { h: 2, e: 4, l: 2, o: 3, etc…. }

  8. Oooh, I like that James.

  9. This is fun. :)

    var str = “hellodavidthisisatestofobjectusage”;
    var letters = {};

    for (var x = 0, y = str.length; x < y; x++) {
    letters[str[x]] = letters[str[x]] + 1 || 1;
    }

  10. hah! I just realized that the whole thing could be made smaller:

    var str = “hellodavidthisisatestofobjectusage”, letters = {};
    for (var x = 0, y = str.length; x < y; x++) letters[str[x]] = letters[str[x]] + 1 || 1;

    ^^b

  11. grigri

    Nice one keeto, this makes mine smaller too:

    var str='thisisultrashortwithregexps', letters={};
    s.replace(/\S/g, function(l){letters[l]=letters[l]+1||1);});
  12. Cute one, grigri. Although I forgot I could make mine even shorter:

    var str=’thisisultrashortwithregexps’, letters={};
    for (var x in str) letters[str[x]] = letters[str[x]] + 1 || 1;

    More David! More!

  13. Great solutions everyone! I added the Object.size() to be able to show a result so mine is pretty close to everyone’s.

    More in the future?

  14. rakesh juyal

    @Gri: nice use of regex.

  15. I like @grigri, with the correction of \w instead of \S because the OP said ‘letters’ :)

    Taking that into account, that’s the solution that most elegantly lets you count letters alone.

  16. This might be a great read:

    http://dreaminginjavascript.wordpress.com/2008/08/22/eliminating-duplicates/

    Not the same thing, but brilliant as well.

  17. I am currently learning python so I did:

    s = ‘thisissomestringwithsomechars’
    count = {}
    for c in s:
    count[c] = count.get(c,0) + 1
    print count

    Which outputs:
    {‘a’: 1, ‘c’: 1, ‘e’: 2, ‘g’: 1, ‘i’: 4, ‘h’: 3, ‘m’: 2, ‘o’: 2, ‘n’: 1, ‘s’: 6, ‘r’: 2, ‘t’: 3, ‘w’: 1}

  18. Sucheta

    I m new to javascript.
    I want to find no of unique letters in a string using javascript.
    pls help me out

  19. Using reduce,

    function getLetterCount(arr){
        return arr.reduce(function(prev,next){
            prev[next] = (prev[next] + 1) || 1;
            return prev;
        },{});
    }
    
    console.log(getLetterCount("dfglksdhfglhjhkdjfhgfdg".split('')));
    

Wrap your code in <pre class="{language}"></pre> tags, link to a GitHub gist, JSFiddle fiddle, or CodePen pen to embed!