Node.contains: Check if a Node is a Child of Another Node

By  on  

There are loads of basic, native JavaScript methods that many developers don't know about.  Many people don't know about the Element.classList API, for example, so className management becomes another case for needing a JavaScript toolkit for even the most basic tasks.  Another case is checking for node parenting -- developers believe it requires a toolkit or a loop checking parentNode up the chain;  no so!  Nodes provide a contains method to check if one node if a parent of another:

function(parentNode, childNode) {
	if('contains' in parentNode) {
		return parentNode.contains(childNode);
	}
	else {
		return parentNode.compareDocumentPosition(childNode) % 16;
	}
}

You'll note we check for the contains method before using it, as you would probably expect, and use the rarely-known compareDocumentPosition in the case that contains isn't supported (Firefox < 9).  This method would be helpful when creating a drag & drop widget and determining moves between lists.  Anyways, before you jump to the conclusion that you need a toolkit for something that seems basic, do some quick research and hopefully you find an easier way!

Recent Features

  • By
    How I Stopped WordPress Comment Spam

    I love almost every part of being a tech blogger:  learning, preaching, bantering, researching.  The one part about blogging that I absolutely loathe:  dealing with SPAM comments.  For the past two years, my blog has registered 8,000+ SPAM comments per day.  PER DAY.  Bloating my database...

  • By
    9 Mind-Blowing Canvas Demos

    The <canvas> element has been a revelation for the visual experts among our ranks.  Canvas provides the means for incredible and efficient animations with the added bonus of no Flash; these developers can flash their awesome JavaScript skills instead.  Here are nine unbelievable canvas demos that...

Incredible Demos

  • By
    Styling CSS Print Page Breaks

    It's important to construct your websites in a fashion that lends well to print. I use a page-break CSS class on my websites to tell the browser to insert a page break at strategic points on the page. During the development of my...

  • By
    The Simple Intro to SVG Animation

    This article serves as a first step toward mastering SVG element animation. Included within are links to key resources for diving deeper, so bookmark this page and refer back to it throughout your journey toward SVG mastery. An SVG element is a special type of DOM element...

Discussion

  1. MaxArt

    I’m not sure this works. Shouldn’t the function always return a boolean?

    If I compare an element with one of its children, with compareDocumentPosition I get 4. If I compare an element with its parent, I get 2.

    That’s how I used to polyfill the function:

    // 16 === Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_CONTAINED_BY
    Node.prototype.contains = function(node) {
        return (this.compareDocumentPosition(node) & 16) !== 0 || this === node;
    }
    
    • Nick Williams

      You’re right, compareDocumentPosition returns a bitmask, so it can represent multiple values at once. e.g.

      var parent = document.createElement("div");
      var child = document.createElement("div");
      parent.appendChild(child);
      
      // as the article has it
      parent.compareDocumentPosition(child) % 8; // 4, truthy
      child.compareDocumentPosition(parent) % 8; // 2, truthy
      
      // how it should be
      parent.compareDocumentPosition(child) & 16; // 16, truthy
      child.compareDocumentPosition(parent) & 16; // 0, falsy
      

      John Resig’s article covers this in detail: http://ejohn.org/blog/comparing-document-position/

    • Updated, thank you!

Wrap your code in <pre class="{language}"></pre> tags, link to a GitHub gist, JSFiddle fiddle, or CodePen pen to embed!