Node.contains: Check if a Node is a Child of Another Node

By  on  

There are loads of basic, native JavaScript methods that many developers don't know about.  Many people don't know about the Element.classList API, for example, so className management becomes another case for needing a JavaScript toolkit for even the most basic tasks.  Another case is checking for node parenting -- developers believe it requires a toolkit or a loop checking parentNode up the chain;  no so!  Nodes provide a contains method to check if one node if a parent of another:

function(parentNode, childNode) {
	if('contains' in parentNode) {
		return parentNode.contains(childNode);
	}
	else {
		return parentNode.compareDocumentPosition(childNode) % 16;
	}
}

You'll note we check for the contains method before using it, as you would probably expect, and use the rarely-known compareDocumentPosition in the case that contains isn't supported (Firefox < 9).  This method would be helpful when creating a drag & drop widget and determining moves between lists.  Anyways, before you jump to the conclusion that you need a toolkit for something that seems basic, do some quick research and hopefully you find an easier way!

Recent Features

  • By
    7 Essential JavaScript Functions

    I remember the early days of JavaScript where you needed a simple function for just about everything because the browser vendors implemented features differently, and not just edge features, basic features, like addEventListener and attachEvent.  Times have changed but there are still a few functions each developer should...

  • By
    fetch API

    One of the worst kept secrets about AJAX on the web is that the underlying API for it, XMLHttpRequest, wasn't really made for what we've been using it for.  We've done well to create elegant APIs around XHR but we know we can do better.  Our effort to...

Incredible Demos

  • By
    PHP IMDB Scraper

    It's been quite a while since I've written a PHP grabber and the itch finally got to me. This time the victim is the International Movie Database, otherwise known as IMDB. IMDB has info on every movie ever made (or so it seems). Their...

  • By
    Optimize Your Links For Print Using CSS — Show The URL

    When moving around from page to page in your trusty browser, you get the benefit of hovering over links and viewing the link's target URL in the status bar. When it comes to page printouts, however, this obviously isn't an option. Most website printouts...

Discussion

  1. MaxArt

    I’m not sure this works. Shouldn’t the function always return a boolean?

    If I compare an element with one of its children, with compareDocumentPosition I get 4. If I compare an element with its parent, I get 2.

    That’s how I used to polyfill the function:

    // 16 === Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_CONTAINED_BY
    Node.prototype.contains = function(node) {
        return (this.compareDocumentPosition(node) & 16) !== 0 || this === node;
    }
    
    • Nick Williams

      You’re right, compareDocumentPosition returns a bitmask, so it can represent multiple values at once. e.g.

      var parent = document.createElement("div");
      var child = document.createElement("div");
      parent.appendChild(child);
      
      // as the article has it
      parent.compareDocumentPosition(child) % 8; // 4, truthy
      child.compareDocumentPosition(parent) % 8; // 2, truthy
      
      // how it should be
      parent.compareDocumentPosition(child) & 16; // 16, truthy
      child.compareDocumentPosition(parent) & 16; // 0, falsy
      

      John Resig’s article covers this in detail: http://ejohn.org/blog/comparing-document-position/

    • Updated, thank you!

Wrap your code in <pre class="{language}"></pre> tags, link to a GitHub gist, JSFiddle fiddle, or CodePen pen to embed!